This is typically a life insurance policy that ensures that no matter when you die, your loved ones will receive a lump sum pay-out from your insurer. This is in contrast to Term Assurance, which only guarantees that you will get a pay-out should you die within a specified term. Whole of Life would typically be more expensive because there is no fixed term.
Whole of Life is designed to pay for funeral expenses, to leave a small legacy to family, etc.
As with all insurance policies, conditions and exclusions will apply.